노벨상 딸려면 이정도 연구는 해야한다.
...?!
P.S 사진과 함께 보고싶다면 출처 로 가 보자.
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Year |
Laureate[A] |
Country[B] |
Rationale[C] | |
|
1901 |
"[for] the discovery of the remarkable rays subsequently named after him"[8] | |||
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1902 |
"[for] their researches into the influence of magnetism upon radiation phenomena"[9] | |||
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1903 |
"[for] his discovery of spontaneous radioactivity"[10] | |||
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"[for] their joint researches on the radiation phenomena discovered by Professor Henri Becquerel"[10] | |||
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1904 |
"for his investigations of the densities of the most important gases and for his discovery of argon in connection with these studies"[11] | |||
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1905 |
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"for his work on cathode rays"[12] | ||
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1906 |
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"[for] his theoretical and experimental investigations on the conduction of electricity by gases"[13] | |
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1907 |
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"for his optical precision instruments and the spectroscopic and metrological investigations carried out with their aid"[14] | ||
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1908 |
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"for his method of reproducing colours photographically based on the phenomenon of interference"[15] | ||
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1909 |
"[for] their contributions to the development of wireless telegraphy"[16] | |||
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1910 |
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"for his work on the equation of state for gases and liquids"[17] | ||
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1911 |
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"for his discoveries regarding the laws governing the radiation of heat"[18] | ||
|
1912 |
"for his invention of automatic valves designed to be used in combination with gas accumulators in lighthouses and buoys"[19] | |||
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1913 |
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"for his investigations on the properties of matter at low temperatures which led, inter alia, to the production of liquid helium"[20] | ||
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1914 |
|
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"For his discovery of the diffraction of X-rays by crystals"[21] | |
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1915 |
|
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"For their services in the analysis of crystal structure by means of X-rays"[22] | |
|
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1916 |
Not awarded | |||
|
1917 |
|
"For his discovery of the characteristic Röntgen radiation of the elements"[23] | ||
|
1918 |
|
"[for] the services he rendered to the advancement of Physics by his discovery of energy quanta"[24] | ||
|
1919 |
|
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"for his discovery of the Doppler effect in canal rays and the splitting of spectral lines in electric fields"[25] | |
|
1920 |
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"[for] the service he has rendered to precision measurements in Physics by his discovery of anomalies in nickel steel alloys"[26] | ||
|
1921 |
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"for his services to Theoretical Physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect"[27] | ||
|
1922 |
"for his services in the investigation of the structure of atoms and of the radiation emanating from them"[28] | |||
|
1923 |
|
"for his work on the elementary charge of electricity and on the photoelectric effect"[29] | ||
|
1924 |
|
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"for his discoveries and research in the field of X-ray spectroscopy"[30] | |
|
1925 |
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"for their discovery of the laws governing the impact of an electron upon an atom"[31] | ||
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1926 |
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"for his work on the discontinuous structure of matter, and especially for his discovery of sedimentation equilibrium"[32] | ||
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1927 |
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"for his discovery of the effect named after him"[33] | ||
|
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"for his method of making the paths of electrically charged particles visible by condensation of vapour"[33] | |||
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1928 |
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"for his work on the thermionic phenomenon and especially for the discovery of the law named after him"[34] | ||
|
1929 |
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"for his discovery of the wave nature of electrons"[35] | ||
|
1930 |
|
"for his work on the scattering of light and for the discovery of the effect named after him"[36] | ||
|
1931 |
Not awarded | |||
|
1932 |
|
"for the creation of quantum mechanics, the application of which has, inter alia, led to the discovery of the allotropic forms of hydrogen"[37] | ||
|
1933 |
"for the discovery of new productive forms of atomic theory"[38] | |||
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1934 |
Not awarded | |||
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1935 |
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1936 |
|
"for his discovery of cosmic radiation"[40] | ||
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1937 |
|
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"for their experimental discovery of the diffraction of electrons by crystals"[41] | |
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|
| |||
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1938 |
|
"for his demonstrations of the existence of new radioactive elements produced by neutron irradiation, and for his related discovery of nuclear reactions brought about by slow neutrons"[42] | ||
|
1939 |
|
"for the invention and development of the cyclotron and for results obtained with it, especially with regard to artificial radioactive elements"[43] | ||
|
1940 |
Not awarded | |||
|
1941 |
Not awarded | |||
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1942 |
Not awarded | |||
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1943 |
|
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"for his contribution to the development of the molecular ray method and his discovery of the magnetic moment of the proton"[44] | |
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1944 |
|
|
"for his resonance method for recording the magnetic properties of atomic nuclei"[45] | |
|
1945 |
|
"for the discovery of the Exclusion Principle, also called the Pauli principle"[46] | ||
|
1946 |
|
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"for the invention of an apparatus to produce extremely high pressures, and for the discoveries he made there within the field of high pressure physics"[47] | |
|
1947 |
|
"for his investigations of the physics of the upper atmosphere especially for the discovery of the so-called Appleton layer"[48] | ||
|
1948 |
|
|
"for his development of the | |
|
1949 |
"for his prediction of the existence of mesons on the basis of theoretical work on nuclear forces"[50] | |||
|
1950 |
|
|
"for his development of the photographic method of studying nuclear processes and his discoveries regarding mesons made with this method"[51] | |
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1951 |
|
|
"for their pioneer work on the transmutation of atomic nuclei by artificially accelerated atomic particles"[52] | |
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||||
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1952 |
|
"for their development of new methods for nuclear magnetic precision measurements and discoveries in connection therewith"[53] | ||
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| |||
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1953 |
|
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"for his demonstration of the phase contrast method, especially for his invention of the phase contrast microscope"[54] | |
|
1954 |
|
|
"for his fundamental research in quantum mechanics, especially for his statistical interpretation of the wavefunction"[55] | |
|
|
"for the coincidence method and his discoveries made therewith"[55] | |||
|
1955 |
|
|
"for his discoveries concerning the fine structure of the hydrogen spectrum"[56] | |
|
|
|
"for his precision determination of the magnetic moment of the electron"[56] | ||
|
1956 |
|
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"for their researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect"[57] | |
|
|
| |||
|
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1957 |
"for their penetrating investigation of the so-called parity laws which has led to important discoveries regarding the elementary particles"[58] | |||
|
Republic of | ||||
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1958 |
|
"for the discovery and the interpretation of the Cherenkov effect"[59] | ||
|
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1959 |
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"for their discovery of the antiproton"[60] | |
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|
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|
1960 |
|
"for the invention of the bubble chamber"[61] | ||
|
1961 |
|
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"for his pioneering studies of electron scattering in atomic nuclei and for his thereby achieved discoveries concerning the structure of the nucleons"[62] | |
|
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"for his researches concerning the resonance absorption of gamma radiation and his discovery in this connection of the effect which bears his name"[62] | |||
|
1962 |
|
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"for his pioneering theories for condensed matter, especially liquid helium"[63] | |
|
1963 |
|
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"for his contributions to the theory of the atomic nucleus and the elementary particles, particularly through the discovery and application of fundamental symmetry principles"[64] | |
|
|
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"for their discoveries concerning nuclear shell structure"[64] | ||
|
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1964 |
|
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"for fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics, which has led to the construction of oscillators and amplifiers based on the maser-laser principle"[65] | |
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1965 |
|
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"for their fundamental work in quantum electrodynamics, with deep-ploughing consequences for the physics of elementary particles"[66] | |
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1966 |
|
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"for the discovery and development of optical methods for studying Hertzian resonances in atoms"[67] | |
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1967 |
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"for his contributions to the theory of nuclear reactions, especially his discoveries concerning the energy production in stars"[68] | ||
|
1968 |
|
|
"for his decisive contributions to elementary particle physics, in particular the discovery of a large number of resonance states, made possible through his development of the technique of using hydrogen bubble chamber and data analysis"[69] | |
|
1969 |
|
"for his contributions and discoveries concerning the classification of elementary particles and their interactions"[70] | ||
|
1970 |
|
|
"for fundamental work and discoveries in magneto-hydrodynamics with fruitful applications in different parts of plasma physics"[71] | |
|
|
|
"for fundamental work and discoveries concerning antiferromagnetism and ferrimagnetism which have led to important applications in solid state physics"[71] | ||
|
1971 |
|
|
"for his invention and development of the holographic method"[72] | |
|
1972 |
|
|
"for their jointly developed theory of superconductivity, usually called the BCS-theory"[73] | |
|
|
| |||
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|
1973 |
|
|
"for their experimental discoveries regarding tunneling phenomena in semiconductors and superconductors, respectively"[74] | |
|
| ||||
|
|
|
"for his theoretical predictions of the properties of a supercurrent through a tunnel barrier, in particular those phenomena which are generally known as the Josephson effect"[74] | ||
|
1974 |
|
|
"for their pioneering research in radio astrophysics: Ryle for his observations and inventions, in particular of the aperture synthesis technique, and Hewish for his decisive role in the discovery of pulsars"[75] | |
|
| ||||
|
1975 |
|
|
"for the discovery of the connection between collective motion and particle motion in atomic nuclei and the development of the theory of the structure of the atomic nucleus based on this connection"[76] | |
|
| ||||
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| ||||
|
1976 |
|
"for their pioneering work in the discovery of a heavy elementary particle of a new kind"[77] | ||
|
| ||||
|
1977 |
|
"for their fundamental theoretical investigations of the electronic structure of magnetic and disordered systems"[78] | ||
|
|
| |||
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|
| |||
|
1978 |
|
|
"for his basic inventions and discoveries in the area of low-temperature physics"[79] | |
|
|
"for their discovery of cosmic microwave background radiation"[79] | |||
|
|
| |||
|
1979 |
|
"for their contributions to the theory of the unified weak and electromagnetic interaction between elementary particles, including, inter alia, the prediction of the weak neutral current"[80] | ||
|
|
||||
|
| ||||
|
1980 |
|
"for the discovery of violations of fundamental symmetry principles in the decay of neutral K-mesons"[81] | ||
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|
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|
1981 |
|
|
"for their contribution to the development of laser spectroscopy"[82] | |
|
| ||||
|
|
|
"for his contribution to the development of high-resolution electron spectroscopy"[82] | ||
|
1982 |
|
|
"for his theory for critical phenomena in connection with phase transitions"[83] | |
|
1983 |
|
|
"for his theoretical studies of the physical processes of importance to the structure and evolution of the stars"[84] | |
|
|
|
"for his theoretical and experimental studies of the nuclear reactions of importance in the formation of the chemical elements in the universe"[84] | ||
|
1984 |
|
"for their decisive contributions to the large project, which led to the discovery of the field particles W and Z, communicators of weak interaction"[85] | ||
|
|
| |||
|
1985 |
|
"for the discovery of the quantized Hall effect"[86] | ||
|
1986 |
|
|
"for his fundamental work in electron optics, and for the design of the first electron microscope"[87] | |
|
|
"for their design of the scanning tunneling microscope"[87] | |||
|
| ||||
|
1987 |
|
|
"for their important break-through in the discovery of superconductivity in ceramic materials"[88] | |
|
| ||||
|
1988 |
|
"for the neutrino beam method and the demonstration of the doublet structure of the leptons through the discovery of the muon neutrino"[89] | ||
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|
| |||
|
| ||||
|
1989 |
|
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"for the invention of the separated oscillatory fields method and its use in the hydrogen maser and other atomic clocks"[90] | |
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|||
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|
1990 |
|
|
"for their pioneering investigations concerning deep inelastic scattering of electrons on protons and bound neutrons, which have been of essential importance for the development of the quark model in particle physics"[91] | |
|
| ||||
|
1991 |
|
"for discovering that methods developed for studying order phenomena in simple systems can be generalized to more complex forms of matter, in particular to liquid crystals and polymers"[92] | ||
|
1992 |
|
|
"for his invention and development of particle detectors, in particular the multiwire proportional chamber"[93] | |
|
1993 |
|
|
"for the discovery of a new type of pulsar, a discovery that has opened up new possibilities for the study of gravitation"[94] | |
|
|
| |||
|
1994 |
|
|
"for the development of neutron spectroscopy" and "for pioneering contributions to the development of neutron scattering techniques for studies of condensed matter"[95] | |
|
|
"for the development of the neutron diffraction technique" and "for pioneering contributions to the development of neutron scattering techniques for studies of condensed matter"[95] | |||
|
1995 |
|
"for the discovery of the tau lepton" and "for pioneering experimental contributions to lepton physics"[96] | ||
|
|
"for the detection of the neutrino" and "for pioneering experimental contributions to lepton physics"[96] | |||
|
1996 |
|
|
"for their discovery of superfluidity in helium-3"[97] | |
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| ||||
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1997 |
|
"for development of methods to cool and trap atoms with laser light"[98] | ||
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| ||||
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1998 |
|
"for their discovery of a new form of quantum fluid with fractionally charged excitations"[99] | ||
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| ||||
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1999 |
|
"for elucidating the quantum structure of electroweak interactions in physics"[100] | ||
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|
2000 |
"for developing semiconductor heterostructures used in high-speed- and optoelectronics"[101] | |||
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|
| |||
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|
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"for his part in the invention of the integrated circuit"[101] | ||
|
2001 |
|
"for the achievement of Bose-Einstein condensation in dilute gases of alkali atoms, and for early fundamental studies of the properties of the condensates"[102] | ||
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| ||||
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| ||||
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2002 |
|
|
"for pioneering contributions to astrophysics, in particular for the detection of cosmic neutrinos"[103] | |
|
| ||||
|
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"for pioneering contributions to astrophysics, which have led to the discovery of cosmic X-ray sources"[103] | |||
|
2003 |
|
"for pioneering contributions to the theory of superconductors and superfluids"[104] | ||
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| |||
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2004 |
|
"for the discovery of asymptotic freedom in the theory of the strong interaction"[105] | ||
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2005 |
|
"for his contribution to the quantum theory of optical coherence"[106] | ||
|
|
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"for their contributions to the development of laser-based precision spectroscopy, including the optical frequency comb technique"[106] | ||
|
| ||||
|
2006 |
|
"for their discovery of the blackbody form and anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation"[107] | ||
|
| ||||
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2007 |
|
"for the discovery of giant magnetoresistance"[108] | ||
|
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|
2008 |
|
"for the discovery of the origin of the broken symmetry which predicts the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature"[109] | ||
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"for the discovery of the mechanism of spontaneous broken symmetry in subatomic physics"[109] | |||
